Endocrine Abstracts

Background: Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a serious complication of diabetes associated with increased risk of mortality, cardiovascular and renal outcomes. Diagnostic markers to detect DN at early stage are important as early intervention can slow loss of kidney function and improve patient outcomes. The aim of our study was to evaluate the role of serum cystatin C (CysC) for early detection of kidney damages in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DT2).<p class="abstex...

Objective: Cystatin C (CysC) is a marker for estimation of glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and a predictor of mortality, beyond that provided by GFR. CysC increases with abdominal obesity and insulin resistance independently of GFR, not necessarily due to changes in renal clearance but possibly due to changes in production. Non-GFR determinants of CysC remain poorly defined. GH or thyroid hormone excess (acromegaly and hyperthyroidism) lead to concomitant increases in GFR and...

Aim: To determine the relationship between C-reactive protein (CRP) and nephropathy in type 1 diabetic patients.Methods: A total of 68 patients (24 women and 44 men) with type 1 diabetes aged 46.58±12.23 years were studied. All subjects had BMI<35 kg/m2. The levels of CRP, fasting blood glucose (FBG), triglycerides (TG), HbA1c and renal function tests were assessed. Patients were divided into 2 groups: 1 group – patients with nep...

Older population and people with type II diabetes have a significantly higher rate of decline in cognitive function. However, the mechanisms are poorly understood. There are strong links between insulin and cognitive function supported by epidemiological data from humans and animal studies and in vitro research. Protein kinase C (PKC) signaling cascades and insulin pathways are closely integrated. The consequences of PKC activation by insulin in the CNS influence memory...

C-reactive protein (CRP) is a non-specific but sensitive marker of underlying systemic inflammation. High CRP levels correlate with risk for future cardiovascular events. Statins can lower the circulating levels of CRP. In contrast, the evidence that fibrates lower CRP levels is very limited. This retrospective study evaluates the effect of micronised fenofibrate on plasma levels of CRP in patients with combined hyperlipidemia.Sixty-four patients with co...

Growth hormone (GH) acts chronically to decrease adiposity, at least in part by the inhibition of lipogenesis. One or more of the twelve isoforms of Protein kinase C (PKC) may be involved in this chronic effect of GH on lipogenesis in adipocytes.Two approaches were adopted to examine the role of PKC isoforms in GH signalling. The first method involved maintaining explants of Finn/Dorset sheep adipose tissue with insulin, GH or a combination of both, for ...

ObjectiveIn BALB/c mice with GD model, the TSHR and ICAM-1 were targeted for treatment, and new approaches to GD targeted therapy were explored.MethodsThe siRNA targeting TSHR and the ICAM-1 mAb specifically binding ICAM-1 were designed and synthesized. Thirty GD model mice were randomly divided into siRNA treatment group, ICAM-1 mAb treatment group, and untreated GD group, with 10 mice in each group, and 10 ...

Introduction: Elevated low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) is an important risk factor for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). Direct LDL-C measurement is not widely performed. LDL-C is typically estimated using the Friedewald (FLDL), Martin-Hopkins (MLDL) or Sampson (SLDL) equations, which may be inaccurate at high triglycerides (TG) or low LDL-C levels. We aimed to determine if machine learning (ML)-derived LDL-C levels agree better with direct LDL-C than...

The enzyme 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (11β-HSD1), regenerates active glucocorticoids (cortisol, corticosterone) from inert substrates (cortisone, 11-dehydrocorticosterone) and has been implicated in the pathogenesis of the metabolic syndrome. 11β-HSD1 expression is increased in adipose tissue and decreased in liver in human and rodent obesity. Paradoxically, in chronically high fat-fed mice 11β-HSD1 is down-regulated in adipose tissue. Transcri...

Background: Maternal severe iodine deficiency has been associated with pregnancy and neonatal loss but the impact of mild-moderate iodine deficiency on pregnancy is not well-documented. Mild-moderate iodine deficiency during pregnancy is common even in iodine replete countries. In the UK women of reproductive age have been found to be mildly-to-moderately iodine deficient. UI/C is an optimal indicator for iodine status in pregnancy.Aims: We...